C++ concepts: Hash

 

C++

Language

Standard library headers

Concepts

Utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Algorithms library

Iterators library

Numerics library

Input/output library

Localizations library

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Atomic operations library (C++11)

Thread support library (C++11)

Technical Specifications

 

C++ concepts

Basic
DefaultConstructible CopyAssignable CopyConstructible	MoveAssignable (C++11) MoveConstructible (C++11) Destructible
Layout
TrivialType (C++11) TriviallyCopyable (C++11)	StandardLayoutType (C++11) PODType
Library-Wide
EqualityComparable LessThanComparable Swappable (C++11) ValueSwappable (C++11)	NullablePointer (C++11) Hash (C++11) Allocator
Container
Container SequenceContainer ContiguousContainer (C++17) ReversibleContainer	AssociativeContainer AllocatorAwareContainer UnorderedAssociativeContainer (C++11)
Container Elements
DefaultInsertable (C++11) CopyInsertable (C++11) MoveInsertable (C++11)	EmplaceConstructible (C++11) Erasable (C++11)
Iterator
Iterator OutputIterator InputIterator	ForwardIterator BidirectionalIterator RandomAccessIterator ContiguousIterator (C++17)
Stream I/O
FormattedInputFunction UnformattedInputFunction	FormattedOutputFunction UnformattedOutputFunction
Random Numbers
SeedSequence (C++11) RandomNumberEngine (C++11)	RandomNumberDistribution (C++11) UniformRandomNumberGenerator (C++11) RandomNumberEngineAdaptor (C++11)
Concurrency
BasicLockable (C++11) Lockable (C++11) TimedLockable (C++11)	Mutex (C++11) TimedMutex (C++11) SharedMutex (C++17) SharedTimedMutex (C++14)
Other
CharTraits pos_type off_type Clock (C++11) BitmaskType	UnaryTypeTrait (C++11) BinaryTypeTrait (C++11) TransformationTrait (C++11) TrivialClock (C++11) LiteralType (C++11)

 

A Hash is a function object for which the output depends only on the input and has a very low probability of yielding the same output given different input values.

Requirements

The type T satisfies Hash if

• The type T satisfies FunctionObject, CopyConstructible, Destructible, and

Given

• h, a value of type T or const T, whose argument type is Key
• k, a value of type convertible to Key or const Key
• u, an lvalue expression of type Key

The following expressions must be valid and have their specified effects

Expression	Return type	Requirements
h(k)	std::size_t	the returned value depends only on the value of k for the duration of the program (since C++14) All evaluations of h(k) executed within a given execution of a program (since C++14) yield the same result for the same value of k. The probability of h(a)==h(b) for a!=b should approach 1.0/std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max().
h(u)	std::size_t	u is not modified

Standard library

std::hash